1(See [LogMeanMPS]  , and note that ℜℜℜ = R  under the given assumptions; that is, an increase in the degree of risk σ2ð”Ŋð”Ŋð”Ŋ   does not change the expected return factor in levels).. Note that the subscriptless version of the log of the risky return, ð”Ŋð”Ŋð”Ŋt+1  , is not equal to its mean: 𝔞t[ð”Ŋð”Ŋð”Ŋt+1] = ð”Ŋð”Ŋð”Ŋ− σ2ð”Ŋð”Ŋð”Ŋ∕2  .